Everyone seems to agree that there was plenty wrong with John Milwitt’s business, which purported to offer legal assistance for San Francisco apartment tenants. For one thing, Milwitt wasn’t a lawyer. Then there was the fact that he told clients that they should give him their rent money to pay “legal fees.” And let’s not forget about the fact that Milwitt, as part of his attempt to keep clients from having to pay their rent, went ahead and filed bankruptcy petitions for clients without notifying them.
But even with all that, a divided three-judge panel of the Ninth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals Monday struck down (.pdf) Milwitt’s bankruptcy fraud conviction. The panel said prosecutors hadn’t adequately proven their fraud theory — a theory they were forced to change near the end of the case because of jury instructions from District Judge Charles Breyer.
Initially, the prosecutors said Milwitt had defrauded his clients. But because Breyer said fraud could be proven only when money was taken from a victim, Assistant U.S. Attorneys Michael Wang and Timothy Crudo — who inherited the case from another prosecutor — said in closing arguments that the scheme had defrauded the landlords of their rent.
That didn’t go over well with Ninth Circuit Judges Michael Daly Hawkins and Sidney Thomas, who authored the majority opinion, writing that it wasn’t proven that Milwitt deprived the landlords of cash. “The proof, in fact, tended to show that the landlords were ‘slum lords’ with a despicable record of repair and maintenance,” Thomas wrote. “Indeed, the government presented evidence that the tenants likely had valid claims against the landlords, justifying the withholding of rent.”
In his dissent, Senior Judge J. Clifford Wallace disagreed. He said it was clear that a fraud had occurred, and wrote that the majority had overreached by deciding whether a fraud conviction requires the intent to defraud a specific victim. “A reasonable jury could have concluded that Milwitt intended to defraud the landlords by having his ‘legal fees’ paid at their expense, which is precisely what occurred,” he wrote.
Michael Shepard, the Heller Ehrman partner who represented Milwitt in the appeal, said much of the credit for establishing the tough fraud questions is due to Milwitt’s trial counsel, Richard Zimmer, “for teeing up the issue at trial.”
Alas, after all the machinations of the justice system, Milwitt will see little benefit from the victory — he recently completed his two-year prison sentence. But, Shepard said, “he doesn’t have this on his record.”
— Justin Scheck
i am one of his last victim soon everyone will see on national television because I will not stop until Milwitt is put back where he ones was, and where he belong in a 10 by 10 cell... I am a single mother with 2 innocent children. On August 25, 2011; I was evicted and locked out by Sheriff of Contra Costa County, due to Milwitt doing. Milwitt filled 7 different chapter 13 bankruptcy at the Alameda Court House without my knowledge. Milwitt posed and introduced himself as an expert chapter 13 bankruptcy lawyer. Milwitt so far has taken close to $3,000.00; but not including the meals and coffee. Milwitt also posed and labelled me as his wife, girlfriend, business partner, associate, and the property I lost due to him as his property. Milwitt is a very dilution and dangerous individual. please be aware of this fraudulent menace...My children and I lives with friends and been separated due to that. Our dog also been ill from being transfered from one residential to another. I am a single mother unemployed and now homeless due to Milwitt. His posted my old address and used my uncle name as a leaser on property now trying to file quiet title action against the wrong bank. We have all legal evidence of emails and text messages. To the day of my eviction his steered and plotted scheme. Milwitt is a dangerous individual.
Posted by: Joan C. Mais | September 02, 2011 at 09:16 AM
I was convicted of housing benefit fraud resulting in a fine, can any one help?
Posted by: Slip and Fall Lawyers Toronto | June 01, 2012 at 12:37 AM
Hi Joan, I was also caught in a Milwitt's fraudulent scam. Amazing he is still self-claiming a lawyer, and doing same thing as he was caught in just some years back Can we talk?
Posted by: Jackie | August 21, 2012 at 06:32 PM
Hi John is alive an well and needs to be stopped. He continues to torment the lives of others and prey upon him victims. He belongs back in jail.
Posted by: John Milwitt | October 01, 2012 at 01:11 PM